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順酐全稱為順丁烯二酸酐、馬來(lái)酸酐，化學(xué)式為C4H2O3，室溫下表現(xiàn)為針狀白色晶體，有明顯刺激性氣味，具有易燃、易溶于水、易升華等特點(diǎn)，是一種非常重要的精細(xì)化工品和有機(jī)化工原料。是目前世界上次于苯酐和醋酐旳第三大酸酐，經(jīng)過(guò)多年發(fā)展，順酐應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域逐漸拓寬，多用于不飽和聚酯樹(shù)脂（UPR），也是造紙助劑、酒石酸、油墨助劑、醫(yī)藥、涂料、潤(rùn)滑油添加劑等產(chǎn)品的核心化學(xué)原料。

Maleic anhydride, also known as maleic anhydride or maleic anhydride, has a chemical formula of C4H2O3. It appears as a needle shaped white crystal at room temperature and has a clear irritating odor. It is flammable, soluble in water, and easily sublimated, making it a very important fine chemical and organic chemical raw material. It is currently the third largest anhydride in the world after phthalic anhydride and acetic anhydride. After years of development, the application field of maleic anhydride has gradually expanded, mainly used in the production of unsaturated polyester resin (UPR). It is also the core chemical raw material for the production of paper additives, tartaric acid, ink additives, pharmaceuticals, coatings, lubricant additives, and other products.

順酐應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域廣泛，主要用于不飽和聚酯樹(shù)脂UPR，也是油墨助劑、造紙助劑、增塑劑、酒石酸、富馬酸、四氫呋喃（THF）等的有機(jī)化工原料，目前不飽和樹(shù)脂占比，主要品種包括鄰苯型、間苯型、對(duì)苯型、雙酚A型等，按用途和功能分類包括通用樹(shù)脂、耐化學(xué)品樹(shù)脂、阻燃樹(shù)脂、澆注樹(shù)脂、柔性樹(shù)脂、人造大理石、BMC與DMC樹(shù)脂、裝飾類樹(shù)脂和特種樹(shù)脂等，通常占順酐總消費(fèi)量的40%～50%。

Maleic anhydride has a wide range of applications and is mainly used in the production of unsaturated polyester resin UPR. It is also an organic chemical raw material for the production of ink additives, papermaking additives, plasticizers, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, tetrahydrofuran (THF), etc. Currently, the proportion of unsaturated resins is the highest, and the main varieties include ortho benzene type, meta benzene type, para benzene type, bisphenol A type, etc. According to their use and function, they include general resins, chemical resistant resins, flame retardant resins, casting resins, etc Flexible resins, artificial marble, BMC and DMC resins, decorative resins, and special resins typically account for 40% to 50% of the total consumption of maleic anhydride.

順酐的工藝大致可分為苯氧化法、正丁烷氧化法、苯酐副產(chǎn)法、C4烯烴法等。其中，苯氧化法和正丁烷氧化法是應(yīng)用廣泛的順酐方法。苯氧化法是早的順酐工藝，這種方法技術(shù)較成熟，可選催化劑的種類較多，但具有高成本、高污染等缺點(diǎn)。隨著我國(guó)要求逐漸嚴(yán)格，以及新興正丁烷氧化法技術(shù)逐漸成熟，具有性價(jià)比高、綠色等優(yōu)勢(shì)，正丁烷氧化法逐漸取代了苯氧化法。目前，正丁烷氧化法在我國(guó)整體順酐產(chǎn)能中的占比已經(jīng)達(dá)到90%。

The production process of maleic anhydride can be roughly divided into benzene oxidation method, n-butane oxidation method, phthalic anhydride by-product method, C4 olefin method, etc. Among them, benzene oxidation and n-butane oxidation are the most widely used methods for producing maleic anhydride. The benzene oxidation method is the earliest production process of maleic anhydride. This method has mature production technology and a variety of optional catalysts, but it has disadvantages such as high cost and high pollution. With the increasingly strict environmental requirements in our country and the maturity of emerging n-butane oxidation technology, which has advantages such as high cost-effectiveness and green environmental protection, the n-butane oxidation method has gradually replaced the benzene oxidation method. At present, the proportion of n-butane oxidation method in the overall production capacity of maleic anhydride in China has reached 90%.

正丁烷氧化法順酐比苯氧化法單耗低，原料消耗，環(huán)境污染小，正丁烷氧化法取代苯氧化法是順酐技術(shù)發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)。

The production of maleic anhydride using the n-butane oxidation method has lower unit consumption, lower raw material consumption, and less environmental pollution than the benzene oxidation method. The trend of maleic anhydride technology development is to replace the benzene oxidation method with the n-butane oxidation method.

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